Water Purification

The Science Of Water Purification

Water purification is the process of eliminating unwanted matters, chemicals, and biological elements that contaminate the water, thus making it unhealthy for any particular manner of consumption like for drinking, bathing, and any other pharmaceutical usage. The method painstakingly reduces the presence of substances like suspended elements, viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites and other disease-causing particles, including other speck of fragments originally not present in the water but has touched the water surface by means of rain or water drops.

The process of water purification comes in different number of ways to the level conducive to the purpose of purifying.

Filtration – water filtration dates back circa 2000 B.C. in Egypt, but has gained popularity in Greece. The most popular ancient way of filtering water is through the method of Hippocratic sleeve discovered by the great master Hippocrates. He used a piece of clean cloth to sieve the contaminant particles from the water. From just a simple cloth sieving, filtration has moved forward. In the span of years, the use of sheets and permeable matters like carbon and coal developed, until recently, with the advent of technology, water purification by means of filtration has also evolved. Nowadays, advanced technology filters are invented to better address the proper way of filtering resulting to cleaner and more potable water. However, this method does not also guarantee totally safe water especially for drinking since the presence of the microscopic organisms like bacteria and other tiny particles might contaminate the newly filtered water.

Chlorine – is a chemical method of water purification, and is one of the ancient ways used in treating water. To maximize its effect, it is best to use it with a filter. As an alternative to using chlorine, especially for domestic use only, 16 drops per a gallon of water is proved to have the same effect with that of chlorine. Even though chlorine is efficient in exterminating bacteria and other microorganisms, it is, on the other hand not so effective in eradicating certain forms of protozoa that produce water cysts.

Boiling – one of the simplest water purification techniques is by boiling. Study shows that boiling the water kills the organisms, like bacteria and viruses in the span of approximately 30 minutes with the temperature of 160° Fahrenheit, thus making water fit for drinking. However, the downside of boiling is that, it does not have the capacity to eradicate the substances which are dangerous to the health of human beings. These substances may include pesticides, insecticides, and other toxins.

Distillation – is another technique in water purification. Water is steamed and its vapor is directed to a cold space or container so that it may turn to be a liquid. However, unfortunately, distillation does not absolutely purify water because there are some contaminants whose boiling point is similar to that of water which also rise in sync with the vapor. On the other hand, pure water can be achieved with this technique.

Reverse Osmosis – theoretically is so far the most absolute water purification technique there is. It involves the application of mechanical pressure to contaminated water to induce the separation of pure water by way of semi-porous film. What makes it only a potential most absolute technique of water purification is because of the absence of the perfect semi-porous membrane, which is one of the main instruments in achieving the same.

Iodine- the use of chemical method iodine is another powerful way of water purification. Iodine possesses a certain ingredient which effectively eliminates pathogens without causing any toxin to the water, which makes it safe to take.

In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) – is another water purification method which takes the form of an advance oxidation procedure by means of highly developed oxidation technology. It is a technique which specifically treats the underground water from possible containment of contaminants and pollutants, and reduces the level of these contaminants to a satisfactory standard. In consequence, it can also be used to fix an assortment of compounds, including that which does not easily decompose in a natural manner like plastics and the like.

Iron – iron is also another means of water purification, especially if the toxic arsenic is the prime reason for treating the water in the first place.

Water purification is a very important process of keeping the water that we drink or use in each day of our lives to be safe and free from contaminants. However, while it is true that purifying water keeps us healthy, we also are in the grave danger of stripping off the essential minerals and elements naturally present in the water by means of any of these techniques. De-mineralized water results to an unfit drinking water because of the absence of electrolytes which regulates the proper hydration of the body and the reduction of blood serum potassium content.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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